This is the first volume of the four-volume Psychology in India, which is the latest survey of research in psychology conducted by the Indian Council of Social Science Research. It comprises six original essays and an overarching introduction. It analyses research conducted over the last decade on the building blocks of mainstream psychology: psychological processes. The chapters in this volume discuss integrated biological and ecological approaches to the study of behaviour; recent research in developmental psychology; studies on language acquisition and language processes, reading, and bilingualism and multilingualism; contributions from neuroscience, cognitive science, and cultural psychology towards the knowledge of cognitive processes; research on affective and motivational processes; and approaches to the study of the personality. The authors have paid special attention to indigenous concepts, methods and theories and to cross-cultural and interdisciplinary research.